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--- projects:spoolvault [2024/03/10 08:12] – [Ideas for improvements] czechu
+++ projects:spoolvault [2024/10/01 09:01] (current) – [Settings] czechu
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 **Work in progress**
-{{:projects:spool-vault-box.jpg?direct&400|}}
+{{:projects:spool-vault-box.jpg?400&direct}}
 Large 3D printing filament dryer and storage box, with over the top design specs:
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   * Max drying temperature above 100°C 🔥
   * Air-tight construction (not while drying)
-  * Ability to hold 4×1kg or 6×700g spools and fit 1×5kg
+  * Ability to hold 4×1kg or 6×700g spools and fit 2×2kg
 ==== Safety ====
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 ==== Settings ====
-Most dryers don't go higher then 70°C. We need to develop our own settings after calibrating the heat. Recommendations from manufacturers should help.
+We will develop filament settings after calibrating the heat. **Check filament manufacturer recommendations before drying.** Here is a list of approximate values sourced from resources linked below.
-Resources:
+^ Material  ^ Drying (°C) ^ Duration (h) ^ Printing (°C) ^
+| ABS  | 60-85  | 3-4  | -  |
+| ASA  | 60-80  | 2-4  | -  |
+| HIPS  | 60-80  | 2-3  | -  |
+| PA (Nylon)  | 70-90  | 4-12  | 60  |
+| PETG  | 55-65  | 3-8  | -  |
+| PLA  | 40-50  | 4-6  | -  |
+  * Drying temperature can vary. It's a generic safe value.
+  * Duration: The best method is to observe spool weight. After some time drying stops being effective.
+  * Printing temp: Educated guess. More research needed. Filament will probably cool in the tube between dryer and a 3D printer, but high temperature will prevent it from absorbing moisture while printing.
+=== About overheating and over-drying ===
+Filament can form cracks if dryed too rapidly. If a spool absorbed a lot of water, start with lower temperature and longer drying time. The best approach is to take regular weight measurements while drying.
+Over-drying can result in filament degrading and becoming brittle. Don't exceed manufacturer recommended drying time. It's better to have some moisture then an aged spool.
+=== Research ===
+Useful generic information about polymers: [[https://www.tworzywa.pl/wiedzopedia/baza-tworzyw/|tworzywa.pl/wiedzopedia/baza-tworzyw]]
+Theoretical glass-transition temperature doesn't look relevant for engineering materials. [[https://forum.prusa3d.com/forum/original-prusa-i3-mk3s-mk3-print-tips-archive/glass-transition-temperatures-not-what-they-seem/]]
+Most dryers don't go higher then 70°C. Resources:
   * Glass transition temperature table [[https://omnexus.specialchem.com/polymer-property/glass-transition-temperature|omnexus.specialchem.com/polymer-property/glass-transition-temperature]]
@@ Line 35: / Line 60: @@
   * Eibos3D Polyphemus settings  [[https://shop.eibos3d.com/products/pre-order-eibos-3d-filament-dryer-polyphemus|shop.eibos3d.com/products/pre-order-eibos-3d-filament-dryer-polyphemus]]
-=== About overheating ===
+There are industrial dryers that heat up to 150°C:
-Filament can form cracks if dryed too rapidly. If a spool absorbed a lot of water, start with lower temperature and longer drying time. The best approach is to take regular weight measurements while drying.
+  * Apium F300; 13 000 zł; Presets visible in the promotional video
+    * [[https://apiumtec.com/en/apium-f300-filament-dryer]]
+    * ABS 60°C 4h, Nylon 70°C 10h
+  * Purpose FD5; 3200 €; Manual found online
+    * [[https://www.igo3d.com/mediafiles/Sonstiges/PurposeAMS/USER%20MANUAL_FD5.pdf]]
+    * PLA 50°C 4h, PA 65°C 6h
+Filament manufacturers recommendations:
+  * 3DXTECH Filament Drying Recommendations
+    * [[https://www.3dxtech.com/drying-instructions/]]
+    * PLA 65 2-4, PETG 65 2-4, FLEX TPC 65 4, NYLON 90 4, ASA 80 2-4, ABS 80 2-4
+----
-Most filaments a spools are made out of PS with glass transition at about 100°C. Let's check the temperature when it starts deforming.
 ===== Build =====
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   * ✔️ Ammunition Box 47x21x37cm (NATO size 3)
-  * 🚚 PTC heater 220V 400W 120x50mm
+  * ✔️ PTC heater 220V 400W 120x50mm
-  * 🚚 Thermostat (REX-C100)
+  * ✔️ Thermostat (REX-C100)
   * ✔️ High temperature fan (from convection oven)
-  * 🚚 Steel threaded rivets M10 ≥6pcs.
+  * ✔️ Steel threaded rivets M10 ≥6pcs.
   * ✔️ PTFE tubing & couplers
-  * ❔ Alarm light and buzzer
+  * ✔️ Alarm light and buzzer
-  * 🚚 AC IEC socket with power switch and fuse (AC-01-2)
+  * ✔️ AC IEC socket with power switch and fuse (AC-01-2)
   * ✔️ Wire crimper and supplies
+  * ❔ Thermal insulation
+  * ❔ Air supply fans and filter
 === Cost ===
-Goal is to have a basic version for a price of a cheapest commercial dual-spool drybox. At the time of writing Creality Space Pi can be found on Aliexpress for 366zł.
+Goal is to have a basic version for a price of a cheapest commercial quad-spool drybox. At the time of writing SUNLU FilaDryer S4 can be found on Aliexpress for 600zł.
-I was able to get surplus ammunition boxes for 100zł (~$25). I'm not sure what the best heating solution is yet. PTC heater with automatic shutoff at 150°C and with higher power then other commercial dryers have seems safe. Safer then disassembling a hair dryer. It might be under-powered, we will see. It was cheap, at 52zł. I chose REX-C100 for a PID temperature controller. It's extremely widely used, and it makes it very cheap. 48zł including SRR with radiator and a K thermocouple. Fused IEC socket with rocker switch costs 10zł. I also added optional 2x 220V signal diodes, 7zł. Threaded rivets will make installing ports for printing directly from the box very easy. I got both M4 and M10 from Aliexpress for ~30zł. Convection oven fan with motor is will costs 75zł new, ~50zł used. I opted for a new one named C460002A9. Plus speed controller for 8zł.
+I was able to get surplus ammunition boxes for 100zł (~$25). I'm not sure what the best heating solution is yet. PTC heater with automatic shutoff at 150°C and with higher power then other commercial dryers have seems safe. Safer then disassembling a hair dryer. It might be under-powered, we will see. It was cheap, at 52zł. I chose REX-C100 for a PID temperature controller. It's extremely widely used, and it makes it very cheap. 48zł including SRR with radiator and a K thermocouple. Fused IEC socket with rocker switch costs 10zł. I also added optional 2x 220V signal diodes, 7zł. Threaded rivets will make installing ports for printing directly from the box very easy. I got both M4 and M10 from Aliexpress for ~30zł. Convection oven fan with motor is will costs 75zł new, ~50zł used. I opted for a new one named C460002A9. Plus speed controller for 8zł. Lastly, alarm light/buzzer for 6zł.
-Spent so far: **340zł**. The only thing missing is an alarm light&buzzer - after checking controller voltage.
+Spent so far: **346zł**.
 === How to search for parts ===
 Researching products designed for convection ovens (termoobieg) and DIY meat smoking (wędzarnia) helped. There are no unsolved issues here, just a lot of integration.
 ==== Log ====
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   * 2024-03-06 - project started, initial purchase - box i.d. 43.5×37×18.5cm
   * 2024-03-09 - box has been delivered
+  * 2024-07-13 - electronics assembled on a bench and tested
+  * 2024-09-22 - work on lower enclosure started
+  * 2024-09-24 - control panel design
+  * 2024-09-28 - front panel, relay, fan, heater mounted