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--- projects:spoolvault [2024/03/07 14:18] – [BOM] czechu
+++ projects:spoolvault [2024/10/01 09:01] (current) – [Settings] czechu
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{template>:template:project
  | name=spoolvault
- | status=active
+ | status=build in progress
  | founder=[[user>czechu]]
  | repo=https://wiki.hackerspace.pl/projects:spoolvault
@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 ====== SpoolVault filament dryer ======
+**Work in progress**
+{{:projects:spool-vault-box.jpg?400&direct}}
 Large 3D printing filament dryer and storage box, with over the top design specs:
-  * Max drying temperature of 120°C 🔥
+  * Max drying temperature above 100°C 🔥
   * Air-tight construction (not while drying)
-  * Ability to hold 4×1kg or 6×700g spools
+  * Ability to hold 4×1kg or 6×700g spools and fit 2×2kg
+==== Safety ====
+{{:projects:iso_7010_w017.svg.png?60&nolink}} {{:projects:iso_7010_w079_color.svg.png?60&nolink}} {{:projects:iso_7010_m057.svg.png?60&nolink}}
+Hot surface. Hot contents. Ensure continuous ventilation.
+==== Settings ====
+We will develop filament settings after calibrating the heat. **Check filament manufacturer recommendations before drying.** Here is a list of approximate values sourced from resources linked below.
+^ Material  ^ Drying (°C) ^ Duration (h) ^ Printing (°C) ^
+| ABS  | 60-85  | 3-4  | -  |
+| ASA  | 60-80  | 2-4  | -  |
+| HIPS  | 60-80  | 2-3  | -  |
+| PA (Nylon)  | 70-90  | 4-12  | 60  |
+| PETG  | 55-65  | 3-8  | -  |
+| PLA  | 40-50  | 4-6  | -  |
+  * Drying temperature can vary. It's a generic safe value.
+  * Duration: The best method is to observe spool weight. After some time drying stops being effective.
+  * Printing temp: Educated guess. More research needed. Filament will probably cool in the tube between dryer and a 3D printer, but high temperature will prevent it from absorbing moisture while printing.
+=== About overheating and over-drying ===
+Filament can form cracks if dryed too rapidly. If a spool absorbed a lot of water, start with lower temperature and longer drying time. The best approach is to take regular weight measurements while drying.
+Over-drying can result in filament degrading and becoming brittle. Don't exceed manufacturer recommended drying time. It's better to have some moisture then an aged spool.
+=== Research ===
+Useful generic information about polymers: [[https://www.tworzywa.pl/wiedzopedia/baza-tworzyw/|tworzywa.pl/wiedzopedia/baza-tworzyw]]
+Theoretical glass-transition temperature doesn't look relevant for engineering materials. [[https://forum.prusa3d.com/forum/original-prusa-i3-mk3s-mk3-print-tips-archive/glass-transition-temperatures-not-what-they-seem/]]
+Most dryers don't go higher then 70°C. Resources:
+  * Glass transition temperature table [[https://omnexus.specialchem.com/polymer-property/glass-transition-temperature|omnexus.specialchem.com/polymer-property/glass-transition-temperature]]
+  * Prusa guide [[https://help.prusa3d.com/article/drying-filament_332086|help.prusa3d.com/article/drying-filament_332086]]
+  * PrintDry guide [[https://www.printdry.com/how-to-dry-filaments/|printdry.com/how-to-dry-filaments/]]
+  * Eibos3D Polyphemus settings  [[https://shop.eibos3d.com/products/pre-order-eibos-3d-filament-dryer-polyphemus|shop.eibos3d.com/products/pre-order-eibos-3d-filament-dryer-polyphemus]]
+There are industrial dryers that heat up to 150°C:
+  * Apium F300; 13 000 zł; Presets visible in the promotional video
+    * [[https://apiumtec.com/en/apium-f300-filament-dryer]]
+    * ABS 60°C 4h, Nylon 70°C 10h
+  * Purpose FD5; 3200 €; Manual found online
+    * [[https://www.igo3d.com/mediafiles/Sonstiges/PurposeAMS/USER%20MANUAL_FD5.pdf]]
+    * PLA 50°C 4h, PA 65°C 6h
+Filament manufacturers recommendations:
+  * 3DXTECH Filament Drying Recommendations
+    * [[https://www.3dxtech.com/drying-instructions/]]
+    * PLA 65 2-4, PETG 65 2-4, FLEX TPC 65 4, NYLON 90 4, ASA 80 2-4, ABS 80 2-4
+----
+===== Build =====
+{{:infra:tools:iso_7010_w012.svg.png?32&nolink }} **Warning!** Do not attempt to replicate this without experience with handling electricity. This is not an Arduino project. Working with AC current can kill or maim you.
 ==== BOM ====
-  * 🚚 Ammunition Box 47x21x37cm (NATO size 3)
+  * ✔️ Ammunition Box 47x21x37cm (NATO size 3)
-  * 🚚 PTC heater 22V 400W 120x50mm
+  * ✔️ PTC heater 220V 400W 120x50mm
-  * ❔ Thermostat (ETC-961? REX-C100? ITC-100VH?)
+  * ✔️ Thermostat (REX-C100)
-  * ❔ High temperature fan (convection fan for the oven?)
+  * ✔️ High temperature fan (from convection oven)
-  * 🚚 PWM fan controller
+  * ✔️ Steel threaded rivets M10 ≥6pcs.
-  * 🚚 Steel threaded rivets M10 ≥6pcs.
   * ✔️ PTFE tubing & couplers
+  * ✔️ Alarm light and buzzer
+  * ✔️ AC IEC socket with power switch and fuse (AC-01-2)
+  * ✔️ Wire crimper and supplies
+  * ❔ Thermal insulation
+  * ❔ Air supply fans and filter
+=== Cost ===
+Goal is to have a basic version for a price of a cheapest commercial quad-spool drybox. At the time of writing SUNLU FilaDryer S4 can be found on Aliexpress for 600zł.
+I was able to get surplus ammunition boxes for 100zł (~$25). I'm not sure what the best heating solution is yet. PTC heater with automatic shutoff at 150°C and with higher power then other commercial dryers have seems safe. Safer then disassembling a hair dryer. It might be under-powered, we will see. It was cheap, at 52zł. I chose REX-C100 for a PID temperature controller. It's extremely widely used, and it makes it very cheap. 48zł including SRR with radiator and a K thermocouple. Fused IEC socket with rocker switch costs 10zł. I also added optional 2x 220V signal diodes, 7zł. Threaded rivets will make installing ports for printing directly from the box very easy. I got both M4 and M10 from Aliexpress for ~30zł. Convection oven fan with motor is will costs 75zł new, ~50zł used. I opted for a new one named C460002A9. Plus speed controller for 8zł. Lastly, alarm light/buzzer for 6zł.
+Spent so far: **346zł**.
+=== How to search for parts ===
+Researching products designed for convection ovens (termoobieg) and DIY meat smoking (wędzarnia) helped. There are no unsolved issues here, just a lot of integration.
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   * 2024-03-06 - project started, initial purchase - box i.d. 43.5×37×18.5cm
+  * 2024-03-09 - box has been delivered
+  * 2024-07-13 - electronics assembled on a bench and tested
+  * 2024-09-22 - work on lower enclosure started
+  * 2024-09-24 - control panel design
+  * 2024-09-28 - front panel, relay, fan, heater mounted
 ===== Ideas for improvements =====
   * Glass visor
-  * Flament rotation motor
+  * Alternative gasket material
+  * Painting inside with heat-resistant paint (white 800°C paint)
+  * Flament rotation motor (oven roast motor? microwave oven turntable?)
   * Humidity sensor (needs to be temperature resistant)
   * "IoT" reporting and control
+  * Load cell for spools
+  * Klipper/printer integration